Problem-Solution Paragraph

تانية بكالوريا English

الدرس ده عن إيه؟

A problem-solution paragraph clearly names an issue, explains why it matters, and then proposes a specific, realistic solution. It is shorter and more focused than a full proposal or essay.

الـ problem-solution paragraph يعني «فقرة مشكلة وحل». إنت بتكتب فقرة واحدة بتقول فيها: فيه مشكلة معينة، ودي أسبابها وليه هي مهمة، وده حل واحد واقعي ليها، وده ليه الحل ده هينفع.

في الكتاب الدرس ده في Unit 10: Behind the Buy، جزء 10.1 Hidden Cost of a Click، صفحة Writing in Action (صفحة 134-135). القراءة بتتكلم عن التكاليف المخفية (hidden costs) للشراء أونلاين: عربيات التوصيل اللي ماشية نص فاضية، العلب الكبيرة على حاجة صغيرة، والهدوم المرتجعة اللي بتترمي. والمطلوب فقرة حوالي 150-180 كلمة لمجلة المدرسة (school newsletter) عن تكلفة مخفية واحدة للشراء أونلاين أو ثقافة التوصيل.

وفي Consolidation Review E فيه سؤال MCQ: الـ problem-solution paragraph لازم تقول المشكلة بوضوح وتقترح حل واقعي وتبرره.

الفكرة ببساطة: «دكتور بيشخّص ويكتب علاج»

Think of a doctor: first he names the illness, then he explains the cause, then he gives one clear treatment and tells you why it works.

الدكتور مبيقولكش «إنت تعبان» وخلاص. بيقولك: «عندك إيه بالظبط (المشكلة)، ليه حصل (السبب)، خد العلاج ده (الحل)، وهيفيدك علشان كذا (التبرير)». الفقرة دي نفس الفكرة بالظبط.

خلي بالك من حاجتين مهمين:

• مشكلة واحدة بس (ONE specific problem): مش «الشراء أونلاين وحش». لأ: «عربيات التوصيل اللي ماشية نص فاضية» مثلًا.
• حل واحد بس وواقعي (ONE realistic, specific solution): مش «نبطّل نشتري أونلاين خالص». لأ: حاجة ممكن تتنفذ فعلًا، زي «يوم توصيل واحد في الأسبوع».

والفرق بينها وبين الـ recommendation report في Unit 8: التقرير فيه عناوين وأجزاء ورايح لشخص مسؤول، لكن الـ problem-solution paragraph فقرة واحدة مركزة من غير عناوين.

الهيكل زي ما الكتاب بيعلّمه

The book divides the paragraph into five parts. Each part has its own purpose and useful phrases.

عبارات مفيدة (Useful Phrases)

• A major problem with online shopping is the huge amount of packaging waste.جملة المشكلة: واضحة ومحددة (packaging waste).
• Currently, many customers return clothes after wearing them only once.Currently = حاليًا، بتوصف الوضع دلوقتي.
• This happens because returns are free and painless for the customer.بتشرح السبب.
• As a result, a large number of returned items end up in landfill.بتشرح النتيجة وليه المشكلة مهمة. (landfill = مقلب زبالة)
• One possible solution would be to charge a small fee for returns.الحل بـ would = اقتراح مؤدب.
• This would help by encouraging shoppers to think before they buy.help by + فعل بـ ing.
• This is effective because it does not stop people from shopping online.التبرير: ليه الحل واقعي وهينفع.
• If this solution were adopted, fewer clothes would be destroyed.Second conditional: If + past (were) ← would + المصدر. بنستخدمها للنتيجة المتوقعة.

قواعد الوحدة اللي تخدم الفقرة: Quantifiers

Unit 10 teaches quantifiers. They help you describe how big a problem is: too much / too many, a large amount of, a large number of, few / little.

إزاي تكتب الفقرة خطوة بخطوة

1. اختار تكلفة مخفية واحدة من الدرس: half-empty delivery vans / oversized packaging / returned clothes that are destroyed / warehouse workers walking many kilometres.
2. اكتب جملة المشكلة (A major problem with… is…). لازم تبقى محددة.
3. اشرح السبب والنتيجة (This happens because… / As a result,…) واستخدم quantifier يبيّن حجم المشكلة.
4. اقترح حل واحد واقعي (One possible solution would be to…) واشرح مين هينفذه وإزاي.
5. برّر الحل (This would help by… / This is effective because…): ليه هينفع؟ وليه واقعي؟
6. اختم بـ Overall, … أو If this solution were adopted, … would…
7. راجع: فقرة واحدة؟ مشكلة واحدة وحل واحد؟ كلمات من الدرس (emissions, landfill, convenience, informed…)؟ حوالي 150-180 كلمة؟

نموذج كامل (Model Answer)

أشهر الأخطاء

إزاي بييجي في الأسئلة؟

الأسئلة في الكتاب والمراجعات بتيجي بالشكل ده:

1) MCQ عن الـ genre (زي Consolidation Review E):

Which sentence belongs to the Justification part of a problem-solution paragraph? a) A major problem with online shopping is packaging waste. b) This is effective because it saves cardboard without stopping people from shopping online. c) Currently, many customers order several sizes of the same item. d) One possible solution would be to use smaller boxes.

الإجابة: b — This is effective because… بتشرح ليه الحل هينفع، وده الـ Justification. (a) و(c) مشكلة، و(d) الحل نفسه.

2) كمّل بالـ quantifier الصح:

A large … of water may be used to produce a single cotton T-shirt. a) amount b) number c) few d) many

الإجابة: a — water مبتتعدّش، فبنقول a large amount of.

3) JRE (زي أسئلة 10.1):

Do you think 'free' next-day delivery is really free? Give evidence for your answer.

J: No, I do not think 'free' next-day delivery is really free. R: The customer pays nothing at checkout, but the environment and workers pay a hidden cost. E: For example, the text explains that vans may deliver only a handful of items to one street and repeat the same half-empty route the next day, so the carbon cost becomes considerable. — لاحظ إن 'free' في inverted commas لأنها مش بمعناها الحرفي.

قائمة المراجعة (من الـ Writing Rubric في الكتاب)

1. قلت المشكلة بوضوح؟ (مشكلة واحدة)
2. شرحت ليه المشكلة مهمة؟ (سبب + نتيجة)
3. اقترحت حل محدد وواقعي؟ (حل واحد)
4. برّرت ليه الحل هينفع؟
5. استخدمت كلمات دقيقة من الدرس؟
6. زيادة: استخدمت quantifiers صح؟ فقرة واحدة؟ حوالي 150-180 كلمة؟

تدريب

أولًا: اختار الإجابة الصحيحة (a / b / c / d)

1. 1. A problem-solution paragraph is … than a full essay. a) longer and less focused b) shorter and more focused c) more informal d) more imaginative

   Show answer

   b — الكتاب: shorter and more focused than a full proposal or essay.

2. 2. One possible solution would be … clearer return policies. a) introduce b) introducing c) to introduce d) introduced

   Show answer

   c — would be to + المصدر.

3. 3. This would help by … the amount of packaging. a) reduce b) reducing c) to reduce d) reduced

   Show answer

   b — بعد حرف الجر by بنستخدم ing.

4. 4. If online stores … slower delivery options, emissions would fall. a) offer b) will offer c) offered d) offering

   Show answer

   c — second conditional: If + past ← would.

5. 5. There are too … delivery vans in our street every morning. a) much b) many c) little d) amount

   Show answer

   b — vans بتتعدّ = many.

6. 6. Online orders create a large … of cardboard waste. a) number b) many c) amount d) few

   Show answer

   c — waste مبتتعدّش = a large amount of.

7. 7. Which sentence is the best Problem sentence? a) Shopping is fun. b) A major problem with online shopping is the huge number of returned clothes that are destroyed. c) I like my new shoes. d) Overall, it is good.

   Show answer

   b — مشكلة واحدة ومحددة بعبارة الكتاب.

ثانيًا: الجملة دي من أنهي جزء؟ (Problem / Explanation / Proposed Solution / Justification / Conclusion)

1. 8. 'This happens because customers are not shown the environmental cost.'

   Show answer

   Explanation — بتشرح السبب.

2. 9. 'A practical way to address this is to let customers choose smaller boxes.'

   Show answer

   Proposed Solution.

3. 10. 'This is effective because it saves money for both stores and customers.'

   Show answer

   Justification — ليه الحل هينفع.

4. 11. 'Overall, small changes at checkout could make a measurable difference.'

   Show answer

   Conclusion.

5. 12. 'Currently, a large amount of packaging is thrown away after one use.'

   Show answer

   Problem — بتوصف المشكلة دلوقتي.

ثالثًا: True (T) أو False (F) مع التبرير

1. 13. A good problem-solution paragraph discusses as many problems as possible.

   Show answer

   False — لازم ONE specific problem.

2. 14. The solution must be realistic and specific.

   Show answer

   True — Propose ONE realistic, specific solution.

3. 15. You do not need to explain why the problem matters.

   Show answer

   False — الـ rubric: I explain why it matters.

4. 16. 'If this solution were adopted, …' is a suitable way to conclude.

   Show answer

   True — دي من عبارات الـ Conclusion في الكتاب.

رابعًا: صحّح الغلط

1. 17. There is too many plastic in online deliveries.

   Show answer

   There is too much plastic… — plastic مبتتعدّش.

2. 18. If customers knew the real cost, they will buy less.

   Show answer

   … they would buy less. — second conditional.

3. 19. One possible solution would be ban free returns.

   Show answer

   One possible solution would be to limit free returns. (وكمان limit أوقع من ban لأنه أكثر واقعية.)

4. 20. Few people knows what happens to returned items.

   Show answer

   Few people know — people جمع.

خامسًا: اكتب

1. 21. Write a Problem sentence about oversized boxes.

   Show answer

   مثال: A major problem with online deliveries is that small items are often packed in boxes that are far too large.

2. 22. Write a Justification sentence for this solution: 'Stores could offer reusable delivery bags.'

   Show answer

   مثال: This is effective because the same bag could be used many times, so a large amount of cardboard would be saved.

3. 23. Write a Conclusion sentence using 'If this solution were adopted'.

   Show answer

   مثال: If this solution were adopted, fewer returned clothes would end up in landfill.

مهمة كتابة للتدريب (Practice Task)

As a student writing for your school newsletter, write a problem-solution paragraph of about (150-180) words about returned clothes that are never resold.